Analisis Kebutuhan Bahan Ajar Program Literasi Pada Sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Kuningan Kota dan Desain Bahan Ajarnya

Abstrak

ABSTRAK: Hasil survei pada 2016 menurut World’s Most Literate Nation tingkat baca Indonesia berada pada peringkat 60 dari 61 negara yang diteliti yang menandakan bahwa tingkat baca Indonesia sangatlah rendah. Kementrian Pendidikand dan Kebudayaan (Mendikbud) yang waktu itu masih dikepalai Anis Baswedan meluncurkan Gerakan Literasi Sekolah (GLS) Tanngal 19 Agustus 2016 dengan sub tema Bahasa Penumbuh Budi Pekerti yang kemudian menjadi titik awal kegiatan literasi diwajibkan di sekolah. Gerakan Literasi Sekolah ini mengacu pada Permendikbud Nomor 21 Tahun 2015 tentang Penumbuhan Budi Pekerti. Program ini khusus dirancang untuk peningkatan minat baca Indonesia yang terpuruk agar bisa berangsur naik. Adanya hasil program tersebut peneliti melihat studi terdahulu terkait dengan bahan ajar literasi. Ternyata penulis tidak menemukan satupun penelitian yang membuat bahan ajar literasi khusus untuk guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif guna mendeskripsikan objek penelitian dengan Teknik analisis data model Miles dan Huberman dengan urutan Langkah coletion, data reduction, data display, dan conclusion drawing/verification. Penelitian ini mengasilkan satu analisis kebutuhan berupa keperluan (necessities), kekurangan (lacks), dan keinginan (wants). Ditemukan hasil penelitian yang menyatakan bahwa masih banyak kebutuhan, kekurangan, dan keinginan yang harus terpenuhi dalam penyusunan bahan ajar literasi sekolah dasar kelas tinggi. Dari hasil tersebut disusunlah peta bahan ajar dan struktur bahan ajar sebagai produk yang nanti bisa dikembangkan oleh peneliti lain dan penulis buku.

KATA KUNCI: Analisis Kebutuhan; Bahan ajar; Desain Bahan Ajar; Literasi

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Analysis of Teaching Material Needs for Literacy Program in Elementary Schools in Kuningan City District and Design of Teaching Materials

ABSTRACT: The results of a survey in 2016 according to World’s Most Literate Nation, Indonesian's reading level is ranked 60 out of 61 countries studied, which indicates that Indonesian's reading rate is very low. The Ministry of Education and Culture (Mendikbud), which at that time was still headed by Anis Baswedan, launched the School Literacy Movement on August 19, 2016, with the sub-theme of Language Cultivation of Character, which later became the starting point for mandatory literacy activities in schools. This School Literacy Movement refers to Permendikbud Number 21 of 2015 concerning Cultivation of Character. This program is specifically designed to increase Indonesian's reading interest which has fallen so that it can gradually rise. With the results of the program, the researchers looked at previous studies related to literacy teaching materials. It turns out that the authors did not find any research that made literacy teaching materials specifically for teachers. This study used a descriptive qualitative method to describe the research object with Miles and Huberman model data analysis techniques in the order of collection steps, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. This research produces a needs analysis in the form of necessities, lacks, and wants. The research found that there are still many needs, shortcomings, and desires that must be fulfilled in the preparation of high-grade primary school literacy teaching materials. From these results, a map of teaching materials was compiled and the structure of teaching materials was developed as a product that could later be developed by other researchers and book authors.

KEYWORDS: Requirements Analysis; Teaching materials; Instructional Material Design; Literacy.